As @paperdigits already noted it is commonly referred to as the “Dragan effect”, but it may be even more general. It’s a push of fine details and almost over-sharpening I think. The photographer Peter Adams does a little something similar in his Faces of Open Source project with some of his subjects.
You can probably achieve something like this using the steps in Freaky Details tutorial, or just cheat and use G’MIC as we rolled the effect into a filter there as well.
Part of this effect is the subject (lots of wrinkles and features!) as well as lighting (oblique lighting that helps to accentuate the texture and wrinkles in the face. Of course, having the resolution to really see those details helps as well… 