For me it looks like the filesystem is not sufficient enough for your use case. I’d rather go for a decent asset management software instead of relying on the filesystem and some tools without an integrated workflow.
Digikam should fit all you needs, it can sort and order files by metadata (such as the date an image has been taken) and you don’t have to worry about dates when a file has been changed or transferred to another computer.
https://www.digikam.org/