You seem to be restoring pretty much everything from your old config directory. Most of darktable’s configuration is stored in darktablerc, so if you restore that file, and it has some wrong setting, of course you will have the same problem.
If you run darktable with -d opencl, do you have any more info?
Have you tried resetting the openCL tuning params to none?
FYI:
data.dbstores your presets, styles, locations and tagslibrary.dbstores the processing settings for your currently imported images (film rolls, images, editing history, colour labels, which tags are applied to which images and so on).styles/is a directory with *.dtstyle files, I think they carry the same data as thestylestable indata.db.