Clear Linux is fast because they only build for recent CPUs and they use a different kernel scheduler. You can switch the scheduler on just about any distro, provided you have the skill.
I used Ubuntu for a long time back in the day (the 7.04 - 10.04 era), and it seemed more stable back then. Nowadays I still run it from time to time to experiment with things. Since I experimented with various distros and desktop environments and window managers over the years, here are some tips…
To avoid bloat, install Ubuntu Server then use apt to add only the packages you need
Desktop environments tend to be bloated and buggy. XFCE (Xubuntu) is a decent performer in that arena, if you really must use a DE.
You could use a tiling window manager (dwm or stumpwm) with keyboard shortcuts (xbindkeys for dwm, already baked-in in stumpwm) instead of desktop environments, menus and panels as this approach both saves system resources and allows you to run apps quickly using said shortcuts. Also, you don’t have to re-learn everything over the years (e.g. Gnome 2 to Gnome 3 switch, or KDE3 to KDE4 or Windows XP to 7 to 8 to 10 GUI changes).
File manager: ranger or dired with ranger emulation
Text editor / programming IDE: neovim or Doom Emacs
Shell: zsh or closh / babashka
Music player: cmus
Video player: mplayer / mpv
The bonus of this configuration is that I can simply copy my config files to another machine and I’m ready to go. And this machine could be a retro PC from the early 2000s or a more recent Xeon server. Configure once, keep using the same config over the years. No headaches with bloat and breaking changes (unlike GNOME / KDE).
Speaking from personal experience (both personal usage and production server administration), you might have a more polished, less buggy experience from FreeBSD and OpenBSD. These 2 don’t suffer from countless distros that duplicate effort, nor from systemd. I experienced less severe bugs there compared to Ubuntu and Manjaro.
FreeBSD had (and still has) ZFS way before Linux. It has excellent overall and network performance, and amazing low-latency audio. ZFS snapshots can be very useful. The ports system allows you to build your own flavors of packages (this approach is used in Gentoo). It might be useful to compare Darktable performance under FreeBSD vs Linux.
OpenBSD is the least bloated of them all and the most secure, but not as fast. It’s solid like a tank, though. It’s excellent for old machines due to low resource usage. Darktable works here as well.
I don’t know what kind of strange problems you all have.
2007 ubuntu (Gnome 2)
2011 ubuntustudio (XFCE)
2018 xubuntu (XFCE) due to a known problem with the RT kernel and power management
2019 ubuntu Budgie X
2020 ubuntu (Gnome 3 X)
it all works all the time. Maybe because I don’t fool around when buying hardware. Lenovo ThinkPad all along.
On monolithic kernels like Linux / BSD, buggy drivers can crash the whole system. Even on Thinkpads. And the newest and latest hardware (like Ryzen) could have shaky driver support for the time being. So it depends on the particular software + hardware combination. Generally, support for hardware that’s a few years old shouldn’t have issues.
Adventurous OS-hoppers could try a microkernel security-oriented OS such as Genode: https://genode.org/
Then run all the other OSes isolated in Seoul / Virtualbox, mimicking the Qubes approach.