Ubuntu 20.10 deprecated python 2, and without that DisplayCAL does not run. Python2 can still be installed of course, but Ubuntu does not provide packages for python-wxgtk any longer, and wxpython itself does not provide easy-to-install wheels for versions older than 4.0, without which DisplayCAL can’t run.
Is there another way of calibrating a screen without DisplayCAL? Can I run DisplayCAL on, say, Windows, and use the resulting color profile on Linux?
You can use a USB bootable distro (even an older distrp version that has py2), boot into it, run display cal, save the ICC profile, then use that profile in your current installation.
The dispcal CLI worked beautifully. Actually easier to use than the DisplayCAL GUI, once you know what to do.
For future reference, this will calibrate screen X:
dispcal -d X -v -o profile-filename
(Run dispcal without arguments to get a list of available X)
Then adjust white point (2) using your screen’s controls, adjust brightness (4), then check all (5) and calibrate (7). Takes half an hour, produces a color profile icc file you can load in Gnome’s color settings.