Image Manipulation to generate hard numbers for research

Hello everyone. I hope this is the correct forum for this question. I am a veterinary orthopedic researcher. We have x-ray images (like the one below) and are trying to measure the amount of joint space (white regions) relative to the overall dark (bone) in these images. Is there a way - in GIMP or elsewhere, where the program can “look” at the image, subtract the “white” from the rest of the image and give me an objective number (X pixels or Y ) of white versus black ? Additionally, if I can tell that the first joint space (labelled 1 in the image) contributes z of the overall “white areas” and the second space (labelled 2) contribute z1% that would be amazing. We are not trying to manipulate images for publication. We are trying to get objective numbers to allow us to run statistical comparisons.

3d-slicer has a lot of tools…maybe you can use this…

https://slicer.readthedocs.io/en/latest/user_guide/modules/segmenteditor.html

Given all the tools I think there must be a nice way to do it with this platform…

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Thank you.