Not a tutorial, guidance or anything, just want to share my thought, because it is an interesting topic.
This is quite common thinking, but in my opinion, most people (especially the ones that deals with the creative industries —photography included) already have the sense to choose the colour they want in their photograph when they are taking photo (through framing, composition, time of the shoot, set design etc.), even unconsciously. The question is, how to be more aware of it.
Rather than jumping to colour grading, the first one to be aware of is colour harmony (Joanna Kustra talk about in that video too), there is a lot of colour harmony that usually presents in nature (especially Analogous colour), but one thing to remember is that there are two types of the colour wheel, RYB and RGB for determining the colour harmony (personally I like using RYB more).
This is one of the earliest assignments in my photography class, after they learnt the basics of camera handling (I teach graphic design, photography is only a part of it), to make my student more aware of their surroundings when taking photographs. This is their result last semester (not the greatest photograph out there, but they learning from zero, and all of the photos must be SOOC, in this case, they have to take complementary, analogous, and triadic colour harmony based on the RYB wheel)
In my case, after I tried my best to take the photograph, and after the correction stage, is to “correct” some of the hues, using colour zones or something similar, even a small adjustment makes a big difference here, sometimes it is a personal colour preference, just like asking ten people which red is the Coca-Cola’s red. After that, colour balance RGB is used to set/add/enhance the overall mood/colour direction based on the image/story, sometimes multiple copies of the module with the mask are used if needed.